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Jaw Crusher Jaw Plate (Tooth Plate) Selection Guide & Core Features Analysis
Jaw Crusher Jaw Plate (Tooth Plate) Selection Guide & Core Features Analysis
In multiple industries such as mining, smelting, construction materials, and road/railway construction, jaw crushers serve as the core equipment for primary crushing, handling the critical task of breaking down large pieces of material. The Jaw Plate (also known as the Tooth Plate), as its core wear-resistant consumable part, directly determines the equipment's crushing efficiency, output quality, and production costs.
I. Core Introduction to Jaw Plates (Tooth Plates): The Crusher's "Chewing Organ"
The jaw plate is the core component of the jaw crusher's crushing chamber, mainly divided into two categories: the Moving Jaw Plate and the Fixed Jaw Plate. They work together to complete the material crushing process:
1.The Moving Jaw Plate is attached to the moving jaw, performing a reciprocating swinging motion.
2.The Fixed Jaw Plate is fixed to the crusher frame.
3.During operation, the two plates form a certain angle, crushing the material through repeated squeezing and bending actions.
The jaw plate acts like the crusher's "chewing organ," coming into direct contact with the material and withstanding enormous crushing forces and friction. It is one of the most heavily worn consumable parts in a jaw crusher.
Overview of Jaw Plate Sizes and Materials
Different models of jaw crushers have varying feed opening sizes and processing capacities, leading to corresponding differences in jaw plate dimensions. For example:
The PE-150×250 model is suited for smaller jaw plates.
The PE-900×1200 model requires larger, higher-strength jaw plates.
Regarding materials, jaw plates are primarily made from High Manganese Steel as the base material. Among these, ZGMn13 is the most widely used traditional high manganese steel, known for its excellent toughness and cold work hardening characteristics. With technological advancements, new types of jaw plates such as Modified High Manganese Steel, Medium Manganese Steel, and High-Chromium Cast Iron Composite Materials have become increasingly common, further enhancing wear resistance and service life.
II. Analysis of Key Jaw Plate Characteristics: The Core Factors Determining Crushing Efficiency and Service Life
The performance of the jaw plate directly affects the operational stability of the jaw crusher. Its core characteristics are mainly reflected in the following three aspects:
1. Wear Resistance
Wear resistance is the most critical performance indicator for a jaw plate. High-quality jaw plates, through reasonable material composition and heat treatment processes (such as water toughening), can significantly improve wear resistance and extend service life.
2. Toughness
The greatest advantage of high manganese steel material is its excellent toughness. New composite materials achieve a combination of "high hardness material + tough matrix," ensuring sufficient impact resistance while improving wear resistance.
3. Compatibility
The size and tooth profile design of the jaw plate must precisely match the crusher model and the characteristics of the material being crushed. Tooth profile design is particularly crucial:
The tooth peak angle is typically between 90° and 120°.
The tooth pitch size depends on the discharge opening width.
The Moving and Fixed Jaw Plates should employ a "tooth peak opposite tooth valley" design to enhance crushing effectiveness and reduce localized wear.
III. Scientific Selection Guide: Choose Based on Need to Reduce Costs and Increase Efficiency
When selecting jaw plates, enterprises should comprehensively consider the following four points based on their specific working conditions, material characteristics, equipment model, and production costs:
1. Match the Crusher Model
The fundamental prerequisite for selection is ensuring the jaw plate dimensions and mounting hole positions completely match the equipment, avoiding "mismatch."
2. Select Material Based on Material Characteristics
Medium-Low Hardness Materials (e.g., Limestone): Standard high manganese steel (ZGMn13) offers the best cost-effectiveness.
Medium Hardness Materials (e.g., Iron Ore): Medium manganese steel provides over 20% better wear resistance.
High Hardness Materials (e.g., Granite): It is recommended to use high-chromium cast iron composite materials or modified high manganese steel.
3. Consider Production Needs, Balancing Performance and Cost
Large-scale continuous production enterprises are advised to choose high-quality, high-wear-resistant jaw plates. Small-scale intermittent production enterprises can opt for more cost-effective standard high manganese steel jaw plates.
4. Pay Attention to Tooth Profile and Assembly Details
Tooth profile design should be flexibly chosen based on material particle size. During assembly, soft metal shims should be used for fixation. Regularly inspect the wear condition and replace the plates promptly when wear exceeds 50% to avoid affecting output size.
IV. Reminders on Common Industry Selection Pitfalls
Common pitfalls include:
Blindly pursuing high hardness materials while neglecting toughness.
Neglecting the compatibility between the jaw plate and the crusher model.
Opting for low-quality jaw plates to save costs.
The core of selection is "compatibility." It is recommended to prioritize jaw plates produced by reputable manufacturers to ensure quality and after-sales service.
V. Conclusion
The selection and use of jaw plates (tooth plates) are directly related to an enterprise's production efficiency, maintenance costs, and product quality. With the advancement of wear-resistant material technology, the performance of jaw plates continues to improve. Enterprises should combine their actual needs, apply scientific selection methods, follow proper installation procedures, and perform regular maintenance to achieve efficient crushing and long-term, stable operation.
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Annie Lu
Huatao Group
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